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A D V A N C E D M A T E R I A L S & P R O C E S S E S | N O V E M B E R / D E C E M B E R 2 0 1 5

3 8

TENSILE TESTING

William Mankins,

Metallurgical Services Inc.

T

ensile testing is used to quantitatively measure the

strength and ductility of materials, to provide engineering

design data, and to determine the mechanical proper-

ties of materials subjected to axial loading and deformation. It is

also used as a tool for quality assurance of supplied engineering

materials.

Applications include alloy research and development,

determination of the conformance of materials to customer

specifications, failure analysis, and the design of engineered

components of construction, or machine assemblies subject-

ed to load and deformation.

SAMPLES

Form

: Solids (metals, polymers, ceramics, composites,

elastomers).

Size/shape

: Round or rectangular cross sections with

lengths up to approximately 24 in. (~ 60 cm); actual

components may be tested full size.

Preparation

: Specimens are machined in conformance

with requirements of standard test procedures, or actual

parts or components are used (e.g., threaded fasteners)

per standard test procedures.

LIMITATIONS

The range of testing capabilities is limited by the load ca-

pacity of the specific universal testing machine. Testing is de-

structive to material tested.

ESTIMATED ANALYSIS TIME

Sample preparation time of up to one hour if extensive

cutting/machining is required.

Approximately five minutes per test to measure sample

gage length and cross-sectional area.

Up to approximately 10 minutes testing time per test in

the tensile testing machine, which varies depending on

the loading rate.

Up to approximately five minutes to perform test

measurements and analyze data after testing.

RELATED TECHNIQUES

Use of the universal testing machine to perform

com-

pression, bending, and shear tests.

Extensive tensile test da-

tabases allow comparisons with other mechanical tests (e.g.,

hardness), other alloys, and materials in other heat treated

conditions.

Strain Testing Solutions for Tensile Applications go.instron.com/aboutstrain